Ukuthengiswa komkhiqizi wamashubhu we-boiler onengcindezi ephezulu
(1) Amazwe amakhulu angenisayo amashubhu obhayela yiJapan neJalimane. Imininingwane yemikhiqizo evame ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe ingu-15914.2mm; 2734.0mm; 219.110.0mm; 41975mm; 406.460mm, njll. Ukucaciswa okuncane kungu-31.84.5mm, futhi ubude ngokuvamile bungu-5 ~ 8m.
(2) Ecaleni lesimangalo sokungenisa, amashubhu kabhayela angenamthungo e-ST45 angeniswe esuka embonini yamapayipi ensimbi e-Mannesmann eJalimane atholwe enamaphutha angaphakathi adlula imithetho yesikhungo kanye namazinga eNhlangano Yensimbi Nensimbi YaseJalimane.
(3) Amapayipi ensimbi yengxubevange angeniswe esuka eJalimane ikakhulukazi i-34CrMo4 kanye ne-12CrMoV. Lolu hlobo lwamapayipi ensimbi lunokusebenza okuhle kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu futhi luvame ukusetshenziswa njengepayipi lensimbi kubhayela onezinga eliphezulu lokushisa.
(4) Kunamapayipi amaningi engxubevange angenisiwe evela e-Japan, anemininingwane engu-426.012mm 5 ~ 8m; 152.48.0mm12m; 89.110.0mm6m; 101.610.0mm12m; 114.38.0mm6m; 127.08.0mm9m, njll. Sebenzisa i-jisg3458 ejwayelekile yezimboni yaseJapane, futhi izinga lensimbi yi-stpa25. Lolu hlobo lwepayipi lensimbi livame ukusetshenziswa njengepayipi elisekela i-superalloy.
Ikhwalithi ephezulu ye-carbon structural steel, futhi amamaki ensimbi angama-20g, 20mng no-25mng; I-alloy structural steel 15mog, ipayipi lomfutho ophezulu.
20mog, 12crmog, 15CrMoG, 12CR2MOG, 12crmovg, 12Cr3MoVSiTiB, njll; Ngokungeziwe ekuqinisekiseni ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali nezakhiwo zemishini, i-1Cr18Ni9 kanye ne-1cr18ni11nb amapayipi anomfutho ophezulu avame ukusetshenziswa kunsimbi ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa azoba ngaphansi kokuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic, ukuvutha kanye nokuhlolwa kokucaba ngakunye ngakunye. Amapayipi ensimbi azolethwa esesimweni esiphathwa ngokushisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezidingo ezithile ze-microstructure, usayizi wokusanhlamvu kanye nesendlalelo se-decarburization yepayipi yensimbi eqediwe. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lokumba i-geological kanye nokulawula ukumba i-petroleum; Ukuze uhlole ukwakheka kwamatshe angaphansi komhlaba, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba, uwoyela, igesi yemvelo kanye nemithombo yamaminerali, imishini yokumba isetshenziselwa ukumba imithombo.
Ukuxhashazwa kukawoyela negesi akunakuhlukaniswa nokumba. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lokulawula ukubhoboza kwe-geological kanye nokumba uwoyela liyithuluzi eliyinhloko lokumba, ikakhulukazi elihlanganisa ipayipi langaphandle eliwumgogodla, ipayipi elingaphakathi eliwumgogodla, i-casing, ipayipi lokubhoboza, njll.
Njengoba ipayipi lokumba lidinga ukusebenza ekujuleni kwamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa, izimo zokusebenza ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ipayipi lokubhoboza lithwala imiphumela yengcindezi yokushuba, ukucindezelwa, ukugoba, ukugoqa kanye nomthwalo womthelela ongalingani, futhi ligqokwa udaka namadwala. . Ngakho-ke, ipayipi kufanele libe namandla anele, ukuqina, ukumelana nokugqokwa kanye nokuba namandla okushayisana, Insimbi yepayipi lensimbi imelwa yi-"DZ" (isiqalo se-Geological Chinese Pinyin) kanye nenombolo ezomela iphuzu lokuvunwa kwensimbi. Amabanga ensimbi asetshenziswa kakhulu yi-45mnb kanye ne-50Mn ye-dz45; 40Mn2 kanye no-40mn2si we-dz50; I-40mn2mo kanye ne-40mnvb ye-dz55; 40mnmob ye-DZ60 kanye ne-27mnmovb ye-dz65.
Amapayipi ensimbi alethwa esimweni esiphethwe ukushisa.
Ipayipi elingenamthungo lepayipi lesithando somlilo, ipayipi lokushintsha ukushisa kanye nepayipi endaweni yokuhluza i-petroleum. Ivamise ukwenziwa nge-carbon steel yekhwalithi ephezulu (10, 20), i-alloy steel (12CrMo, 15CrMo), insimbi engashisi (12cr2mo, 15cr5mo) nensimbi engagqwali (1Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti). Ngokungeziwe ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene zemishini yepayipi lensimbi, kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi kuqinisekiswe i-hydrostatic, flattening, flaring nezinye izivivinyo, kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nokuhlolwa okungabhubhisi. Amapayipi ensimbi azolethwa ngaphansi kokwelashwa ngokushisa.
Zonke izinhlobo zamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali ashisayo agoqelwe kanye nagoqwe ngokubanda asetshenziswa kakhulu kumapayipi emishini ka-petroleum namakhemikhali kanye nezingxenye zesakhiwo sensimbi engagqwali ngezinjongo ezihlukahlukene. Ngokungeziwe ekuqinisekiseni ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo zemishini, wonke amapayipi ensimbi asetshenziselwa ukuthwala ingcindezi yoketshezi azofaneleka ekuhlolweni kwe-hydrostatic. Amapayipi ensimbi akhethekile ahlukahlukene azoqinisekiswa ngokwemibandela ebekiwe.
Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo ephezulu iwuhlobo lwepayipi elingenamthungo. Indlela yokukhiqiza iyafana neyepayipi elingenamthungo, kodwa kunezidingo eziqinile zebanga lensimbi elisetshenziswa ekwenzeni ipayipi lensimbi. Ngokusho kwezinga lokushisa lensizakalo, ihlukaniswe ngamashubhu e-boiler ejwayelekile kanye neshubhu ye-boiler yokucindezela okuphezulu.
① Izinga lokushisa lensizakalo yepayipi lensimbi engenasici lingaphansi kuka-450 ℃, futhi ipayipi lasekhaya lenziwa ikakhulukazi nge-No. 10 kanye No.
②Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo ephezulu ivamise ukuba semazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nezimo ezicindezelayo. Ipayipi lizofakwa i-oxidized futhi ligqwale ngaphansi kwesenzo segesi yokushisa ephezulu yokushisa kanye ne-steam. Ipayipi lensimbi liyadingeka ukuze libe namandla ahlala njalo, i-anti-oxidation ephezulu nokusebenza kokugqwala kanye nokuzinza okuhle kwesakhiwo.
① Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo ephezulu lisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwenza ipayipi lamanzi odongeni, ipayipi lamanzi abilayo, ipayipi le-steam elishisa kakhulu, ipayipi le-steam elishisa kakhulu le-boiler ye-locomotive, ipayipi lentuthu elikhulu nelincane kanye nepayipi lezitini le-arch.
② Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo enomfutho ophezulu lisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwenza ipayipi le-superheater, ipayipi lokufudumeza kabusha, ipayipi lomoya, ipayipi lesitimu esikhulu, njll. amabhoyela anengcindezi ephezulu kanye nomfutho ophezulu wegazi ezitshalweni zikagesi.
