Isiqinisekiso sekhwalithi yepayipi lensimbi ye-T91 ephezulu
Insimbi ye-T91 iwuhlobo olusha lwensimbi ye-martensitic ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa eyakhiwe ilabhorethri ye-American National elephant ridge kanye ne-Metallurgical Materials Laboratory yenkampani yaseMelika yobunjiniyela bomlilo. Ngesisekelo sensimbi ye-9Cr1MoV, yehlisa okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni, ikhawulela ngokuqinile okuqukethwe kwesulfure ne-phosphorus, futhi yengeza inani elincane le-vanadium ne-niobium yokuhlanganisa.
Ibanga lensimbi le-T91 lepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo elihambisana nensimbi ye-T91 yi-x10crmovnnb91 eJalimane, i-hcm95 e-Japan kanye ne-tuz10cdvnb0901 e-France.
Okuqukethwe kwe-elementi
S ≤0.01
Kusukela 0.20-0.50
Cr 8.00-9.50
Mo 0.85-1.05
V 0.18-0.25
Nb 0.06-0.10
N 0.03-0.07
Ni ≤0.40
Ingxenye ngayinye ye-alloy ku-T91 Steel idlala indima yokuqinisa isisombululo esiqinile, ukuqinisa ukuhlakazeka kanye nokwenza ngcono ukumelana ne-oxidation kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi. Ukuhlaziya okuqondile kungokulandelayo.
①Ikhabhoni iyisici esisobala kakhulu sokuqiniswa kwesisombululo esiqinile ensimbi. Ngokukhula kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni, amandla ensimbi esikhashana ayanda futhi ipulasitiki nokuqina kuyehla. Ngensimbi ye-martensitic efana ne-T91, ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kuzosheshisa i-spheroidization kanye nokuhlanganisa i-carbide, kusheshise ukusabalalisa kabusha kwezakhi ze-alloy futhi kunciphise ukushisela, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokumelana ne-oxidation yensimbi. Ngakho-ke, insimbi engamelana nokushisa ngokuvamile ifuna ukunciphisa okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni, Nokho, uma okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kuphansi kakhulu, amandla ensimbi azoncishiswa. Uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi ye-12Cr1MoV, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yensimbi ye-T91 kuncishiswa ngo-20%, okunqunywa ngokucubungulisisa umthelela walezi zici ezingenhla.
②Insimbi ye-T91 iqukethe i-trace nitrogen, futhi indima ye-nitrogen ibonakala ezicini ezimbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, idlala indima yokuqinisa isisombululo esiqinile. Ukuncibilika kwe-nitrogen ensimbi ekamelweni lokushisa kuncane kakhulu. Enqubweni yokushisisa nge-welding kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa kwe-weld, isixazululo esiqinile se-VN kanye nenqubo yemvula izokwenzeka ngokulandelana endaweni ethintekile yokushisa kwe-weld ye-T91 Steel: isakhiwo se-austenitic esakhiwe endaweni ethinteke ekushiseni ngesikhathi sokushisisa kwe-welding kwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ngenxa ukuhlakazwa kwe-VN, bese kuthi izinga le-supersaturation esakhiweni sokushisa esivamile liyakhula, Ekuphathweni kokushisa kwe-weld okwalandela, kunemvula enhle ye-VN, okwandisa ukuzinza kwe-microstructure futhi kuthuthukise amandla ahlala njalo wendawo ethintekile ukushisa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, insimbi ye-T91 nayo iqukethe inani elincane le-A1. I-nitrogen ingenza i-A1N ngayo. I-A1N incibilika ku-matrix kuphela uma ingaphezulu kuka-1100 ℃ futhi iphinde ihle futhi kuzinga lokushisa eliphansi, elingadlala umphumela omuhle wokuqinisa ukuhlakazeka.
③Ukwengeza i-chromium ngokuyinhloko ukuthuthukisa ukumelana ne-oxidation nokumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa. Uma okuqukethwe kwe-chromium kungaphansi kuka-5%, iqala ukwenza i-oxidize ngobudlova ku-600 ℃, kuyilapho lapho okuqukethwe kwe-chromium kufika ku-5%, inokumelana ne-oxidation okuhle. Insimbi engu-12Cr1MoV inokumelana kahle ne-oxidation ngaphansi kuka-580 ℃, futhi ukugqwala kokushona kungu-0.05 mm / A. ku-600 ℃, ukusebenza kuqala ukuwohloka, futhi ukugqwala kokushona kungu-0.13 mm / A. Okuqukethwe kwe-chromium kwe-T91 kungakhushulwa kuze kube cishe 9% futhi izinga lokushisa lesevisi lingafinyelela ku-650 ℃. Isilinganiso esiyinhloko ukuncibilikisa i-chromium eningi ku-matrix.
④I-Vanadium ne-niobium yizici ezinamandla zokwakha i-carbide. Ngemuva kwalokho, bangakwazi ukwakha i-alloy carbides emihle futhi ezinzile nge-carbon, enomphumela oqinile wokuqinisa ukuhlakazeka.
⑤ I-Molybdenum yengezwe ikakhulukazi ukuthuthukisa amandla okushisa ensimbi futhi idlale indima yokuqinisa isisombululo esiqinile.
Ukwelashwa kokushisa kokugcina kwe-T91 kujwayelekile + ukushisa okuphezulu kokushisa. Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile liyi-1040 ℃, isikhathi sokubamba asikho ngaphansi kwamaminithi angu-10, izinga lokushisa lokushisa liyi-730 ~ 780 ℃, futhi isikhathi sokubamba singekho ngaphansi kwe-1 h. I-microstructure ngemva kokwelashwa kokushisa kokugcina i- tempered martensite.
Amandla aqinile wensimbi ye-T91 ekamelweni lokushisa ≥ 585 MPa, isivuno amandla ekamelweni lokushisa ≥ 415 MPa, ubulukhuni ≤ 250 Hb, ubude (isampula esiyindilinga esivamile esinebanga elingu-50 mm gauge) ≥ 20%, inani elivumelekile lokucindezeleka [ σ] 650℄ 30 MPa.
Ngokwefomula elilingana nekhabhoni elituswe yinhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe yokushisela, i-carbon elingana ne-T91
Kuyabonakala ukuthi i-T91 ayinawo amandla okushisela.
Insimbi ye-T91 inomkhuba omkhulu wokuqhekeka okubandayo futhi ijwayele ukubambezeleka ngokuqhekeka ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Ngakho-ke, ijoyinti elishiselwe kufanele lishiswe kungakapheli amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokushisela. I-microstructure ye-T91 ngemva kokushisela i-plate and strip martensite, engashintshwa ibe yi-martensite efudumele ngemva kokushisa, futhi izakhiwo zayo ziphakeme kune-plate and strip martensite. Lapho izinga lokushisa lokushisa liphansi, umphumela wokushisa awubonakali, futhi insimbi ye-weld kulula ukuguga kanye ne-embrittlement; Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu (lidlula umugqa we-AC1), ukujoyina kungase kuqinisekiswe futhi kuqiniswe futhi enqubweni yokupholisa elandelayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili kuleli phepha, ithonya lesendlalelo sokuthambisa ngokuhlanganyela kufanele licatshangelwe ekunqumeni izinga lokushisa lokushisa. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa le-T91 liyi-730 ~ 780 ℃.
Isikhathi sokushisa esingaguquki se-T91 ngemuva kokushisela ngeke sibe ngaphansi kwehora elingu-1, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuguqulwa okuphelele kwesakhiwo saso sibe yi-martensite epholile.
Ukuze kuncishiswe ingcindezi eyinsalela ye-T91 steel welded joint, izinga lokupholisa kufanele lilawulwe ngaphansi kuka-5 ℃ / min. Inqubo yokushisela yensimbi ye-T91 ingaboniswa kuMfanekiso 3.
Preheat 200 ~ 250 ℃; ② Welding, izinga lokushisa interlayer 200 ~ 300 ℃; ③ Ukupholisa ngemva kokushisela, ngejubane lika-80 ~ 100 ℃ / h; ④ 100 ~ 150 ℃ ihora elingu-1; ⑤ Ukushisa ku-730 ~ 780 ℃ ihora elingu-1; ⑥ Phola ngenani elingekho ngaphezu kuka-5 ℃ / min.
I-T91 Steel incike kumgomo wokuhlanganisa, ikakhulukazi ukwengeza inani elincane lezakhi zokulandelela ezifana ne-niobium ne-vanadium. Amandla ayo okushisa aphezulu kanye nokumelana ne-oxidation kungcono kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi engu-12 cr1mov, kodwa ukusebenza kwayo kokushisela kubi.
Ukuhlolwa kwephini kubonisa ukuthi insimbi ye-T91 inokuthambekela okukhulu kokuqhekeka okubandayo. Ukukhetha preheating 200 ~ 250 ℃ futhi interlayer lokushisa 200 ~ 300 ℃ kungaba ngempumelelo ukuvimbela ufa abandayo.
I-T91 kufanele ipholiswe ibe yi-100 ~ 150 ℃ ihora elingu-1 ngaphambi kokwelashwa kokushisa kwe-weld; Izinga lokushisa lokushisa 730 ~ 780 ℃, isikhathi sokubamba singekho ngaphansi kwehora elingu-1.
Inqubo yokushisela engenhla isetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni nasekukhiqizeni ama-boilers angu-200 MW nama-300 MW, kube nemiphumela egculisayo kanye nezinzuzo ezinkulu zezomnotho.
