Ukuthengiswa komkhiqizi wensimbi engagqwali ububanzi obukhulu
Ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali liwuhlobo lwensimbi eyindilinga ende engenalutho, esetshenziswa kabanzi kumapayipi okudluliselwa kwezimboni afana ne-petroleum, imboni yamakhemikhali, ukwelashwa, ukudla, imboni yokukhanya, amathuluzi emishini kanye nezingxenye zesakhiwo semishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ukugoba namandla okugoqa kufana, isisindo silula, ngakho-ke sisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwezingxenye zemishini kanye nezakhiwo zobunjiniyela. Ibuye isetshenziswe ngokujwayelekile njengefenisha, i-kitchenware, njll.
Izinkomba zokuqina kwe-Brinell, Rockwell kanye ne-Vickers zivame ukusetshenziswa ukukala ubulukhuni bamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali.
Ukuqina kwe-Brinell yindinganiso esetshenziswa kakhulu yepayipi lensimbi engagqwali. I-diameter ye-indent ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuveza ubulukhuni bento, enembile futhi elula. Kodwa-ke, akusebenzi kumapayipi ensimbi anensimbi eqinile noma encane.
Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-Rockwell kwepayipi lensimbi engagqwali kuyafana nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-Brinell, okuyindlela yokuhlola yokuhlehlisa. Umehluko wukuthi ikala ukujula kwe-indent. Ukuhlola ubulukhuni be-Rockwell kuyindlela esetshenziswa kabanzi, lapho i-HRC ingeyesibili kuphela ku-Brinell ubulukhuni Hb kumazinga wepayipi lensimbi. Ukuqina kwe-Rockwell kungasetshenziswa ukukala izinto zensimbi kusukela ekuthambile kakhulu kuye kokuqina kakhulu. Kwenza ububi bendlela ye-Brinell. Ilula kunendlela ye-Brinell futhi ingafunda ngokuqondile inani lokuqina emshinini wokudayela wokuqina. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuhlehlisa okuncane, inani lokuqina alinembile njengendlela ye-Brinell.
Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-Vickers kwepayipi lensimbi engagqwali kuyindlela yokuhlola yokuhlehlisa, engasetshenziswa ukunquma ubulukhuni bezinto zensimbi ezacile kakhulu nezingqimba zangaphezulu. Inezinzuzo eziyinhloko zezindlela ze-Brinell ne-Rockwell futhi inqoba ukushiyeka kwayo okuyisisekelo, kodwa ayilula njengendlela ye-Rockwell. Indlela ye-Vickers ayivamisile ukusetshenziswa ezindinganisweni zamapayipi ensimbi.
Isihloli sokuqina se-W-b75 Vickers singasetshenziselwa amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali ane-diameter yangaphakathi engaphezu kuka-6.0mm kanye nogqinsi olungaphansi kuka-13mm. Iyashesha kakhulu futhi ilula, futhi ifanele ukuhlolwa kokufaneleka okusheshayo nokungonakalisi kwamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali. Emapayipini ensimbi engagqwali anobubanzi bangaphakathi obukhulu kuno-30mm nobukhulu bodonga obukhulu kuno-1.2mm, isihloli sokuqina se-Rockwell sizosetshenziselwa ukuhlola ubulukhuni be-HRB ne-HRC. Emapayipini ensimbi engagqwali anobubanzi bangaphakathi obukhulu kuno-30mm nobukhulu bodonga obungaphansi kuka-1.2mm, indawo engaphezulu yokuhlola ubulukhuni be-Rockwell izosetshenziselwa ukuhlola i-HRT noma ukuqina kwe-hrn. Emapayipini ensimbi engagqwali anedayamitha yangaphakathi engaphansi kuka-0mm nangaphezulu kuka-4.8mm, sebenzisa isihloli sokuqina se-Rockwell esikhethekile samapayipi ukuhlola ubulukhuni obungu-hr15t. Uma ububanzi bangaphakathi bepayipi lensimbi engagqwali bungaphezu kuka-26mm, i-Rockwell noma isihloli sokuqina sokuqina kwe-Rockwell singasetshenziswa futhi ukuhlola ubulukhuni bodonga lwangaphakathi lwepayipi.
Amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali ahlukaniswe amapayipi ajwayelekile e-carbon steel, izinga eliphezulu le-carbon structural steel amapayipi, amapayipi e-alloy structural, amapayipi ensimbi yengxubevange, amapayipi ensimbi, amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali, amapayipi ayinhlanganisela ye-bimetallic, amapayipi ahlanganiswe futhi ambozwe ukuze asindise izinsimbi eziyigugu futhi ahlangabezane nezikhethekile. izidingo. Amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali anezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, ukusetshenziswa okuhlukile, izidingo ezihlukene zobuchwepheshe kanye nezindlela ezahlukene zokukhiqiza. Njengamanje, ububanzi bangaphandle bobubanzi bamapayipi ensimbi bungu-0.1-4500mm futhi ububanzi bodonga bungu-0.01-250mm. Ukuze uhlukanise izici zayo, amapayipi ensimbi ngokuvamile ahlukaniswa ngokwezindlela ezilandelayo.
Ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali lingahlukaniswa libe ipayipi elingenamthungo kanye nepayipi elishiselwe ngokuya ngemodi yokukhiqiza. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lingahlukaniswa libe ipayipi eligoqiwe elishisayo, ipayipi eligoqiwe elibandayo, ipayipi elidonsa abandayo kanye nepayipi elikhishwe. Umdwebo obandayo kanye nokugoqa okubandayo ukucubungula kwesibili kwepayipi lensimbi; Ipayipi elihlanganisiwe lihlukaniswe ipayipi elihlanganisiwe eliqondile kanye nepayipi elihlanganisiwe elivunguzayo.
Ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali lingahlukaniswa libe yipayipi eliyindilinga kanye nepayipi elimise okukhethekile ngokusho komumo we-cross-sectional. Amashubhu anomumo okhethekile ahlanganisa amashubhu angama-rectangular, amashubhu e-rhombic, amashubhu angama-elliptical, amashubhu angama-hexagonal, amashubhu angama-octagonal kanye namashubhu ahlukahlukene ahlukene e-cross-section asymmetric. Ipayipi elimise okukhethekile lisetshenziswa kabanzi ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zesakhiwo, amathuluzi kanye nezingxenye zemishini. Uma kuqhathaniswa nepayipi eliyindilinga, ipayipi elimise okukhethekile ngokuvamile linesikhathi esikhulu se-inertia kanye ne-modulus yesigaba, futhi linokumelana okukhulu nokugoba nokudonsa, okunganciphisa kakhulu isisindo sesakhiwo futhi yonge insimbi.
Ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali lingahlukaniswa libe yipayipi lesigaba esilinganayo kanye nepayipi lesigaba esiguquguqukayo ngokuya ngokuma kwephrofayili. Amapayipi ezingxenye eziguquguqukayo ahlanganisa amapayipi ayi-conical, amapayipi anyathelayo kanye namapayipi ezingxenye zezikhathi.
Ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali lingahlukaniswa libe ipayipi elibushelelezi kanye nepayipi elinentambo (ipayipi lensimbi elinemicu) ngokusho kokuphela kwepayipi. Ipayipi le-threading lingabuye lihlukaniswe libe ipayipi elijwayelekile lokuhlanganisa (ipayipi lokudlulisa ingcindezi ephansi efana namanzi negesi, exhunywe ngentambo evamile ye-cylindrical noma i-conical pipe) kanye nepayipi elikhethekile elinentambo (ipayipi le-petroleum kanye ne-geological drilling, exhunywe ngokukhethekile. intambo yepayipi ebalulekile yokulutha). Kwamanye amapayipi akhethekile, ukuze kulungiswe umthelela wentambo emandleni okuphela kwepayipi, ukujiya kwepayipi (ukuqina kwangaphakathi Ukuqina kwangaphandle noma ukuqina kwangaphakathi nangaphandle).
Ngokwenhloso, ingahlukaniswa ibe ipayipi lomthombo kawoyela (i-casing, ipayipi likawoyela kanye nepayipi lokubhoboza), ipayipi lepayipi, ipayipi elibilisa, ipayipi lesakhiwo somshini, ipayipi le-hydraulic prop, ipayipi lesilinda legesi, ipayipi le-geological, ipayipi lamakhemikhali (i-high-pressure ipayipi likamanyolo, ipayipi lokuqhekeka kwe-petroleum) kanye nepayipi lasolwandle.
Izinto ezingavuthiwe -- ukuhlukaniswa kwemichilo -- ukwenziwa kwamapayipi ashiselwe -- ukulungisa ukuphela -- ukupholisha -- Ukuhlolwa (ukuphrinta ngesifutho) -- Ukupakishwa -- ukulethwa (ukugcinwa kwempahla) (ipayipi elihlotshisiwe elishiselwe).
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo -- ukuhlukaniswa kwemichilo -- ukwenziwa kwamapayipi ashiselwe -- ukwelashwa kokushisa -- Ukulungiswa -- ukuqondisa -- ukulungisa ukuphela -- pickling -- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hydrostatic -- Ukuhlolwa (ukuphrinta kwe-spray) - ukupakishwa -- ukulethwa (i-warehousing) (amapayipi we amapayipi ashiselwe amapayipi ezimboni).
