Umkhiqizi weshubhu yensimbi engenasici enengcindezi ephezulu
I-316L iwuphawu lwensimbi engagqwali, i-AISI 316L iwuphawu lwaseMelika oluhambisanayo kanye neSus 316L wuhlobo lwaseJapan oluhambisanayo. Ikhodi yedijithali ehlanganisiwe yase-China ithi s31603, uhlobo olujwayelekile 022cr17ni12mo2 (izinga elisha), futhi uhlobo oludala luyi-00Cr17Ni14Mo2, okubonisa ukuthi luqukethe ikakhulukazi i-Cr, i-Ni ne-Mo, futhi inombolo ikhombisa cishe amaphesenti. Izinga likazwelonke yi-GB / T 20878-2007 (uhlelo lwamanje). I-316L isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yamakhemikhali ngenxa yokumelana kwayo nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu. I-316L futhi iyinsimbi ephuma ku-18-8 austenitic insimbi engagqwali, ene-2 ~ 3% Mo. Ngesisekelo se-316L, amamaki amaningi ensimbi nawo atholakala. Isibonelo, i-316Ti itholakala ngemva kokwengeza inani elincane le-Ti, i-316N itholwa ngemva kokwengeza inani elincane lika-N, futhi u-317L utholwa ngokukhuphula okuqukethwe kwe-Ni ne-mo.
Iningi lama-316L akhona emakethe akhiqizwa ngokuya ngamazinga aseMelika. Ngokucabangela izindleko, izigayo zensimbi ngokuvamile zikhawulela okuqukethwe kwe-Ni kwemikhiqizo kumkhawulo ophansi ngangokunokwenzeka. Izinga laseMelika libeka ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-Ni ku-316L kungu-10 ~ 14%, futhi izinga laseJapane libeka ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-Ni ku-316L ngu-12 ~ 15%. Ngokwezinga eliphansi, kunomehluko ongu-2% kokuqukethwe kwe-Ni phakathi kwe-American Standard ne-Japanese standard, ebonakala enanini. Ngakho-ke, amakhasimende asadinga ukubona ukuthi umkhiqizo ubhekisela kuzinga le-ASTM noma le-JIS lapho uthenga imikhiqizo engu-316L.
Okuqukethwe kwe-Mo kwe-316L kwenza insimbi ibe nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu kwe-pitting futhi ingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha endaweni equkethe ama-halogen ions afana ne-Cl -. Njengoba i-316L isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izakhiwo zayo zamakhemikhali, izigayo zensimbi zinezidingo eziphansi kancane zokuhlolwa kwendawo engu-316L (uma kuqhathaniswa ne-304), futhi amakhasimende anezidingo eziphezulu zendawo kufanele aqinise ukuhlolwa kwendawo.
Izinsimbi ezimbili ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ezingenasici i-304316 (noma i-1.4308,1.4408 ehambisana namazinga aseJalimane / aseYurophu), umehluko omkhulu phakathi kuka-316 no-304 ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali ukuthi i-316 iqukethe i-Mo, futhi ngokuvamile iyaziwa ukuthi i-316 inokumelana nokugqwala okungcono futhi ukumelana nokugqwala kuka-304 endaweni yokushisa ephezulu. Ngakho-ke, endaweni yokushisa ephezulu, onjiniyela ngokuvamile bakhetha izingxenye ezingu-316. Kodwa into ebizwa ngokuthi ayiphelele. Endaweni ye-sulfuric acid egxilile, ungasebenzisi i-316 kunoma yikuphi ukushisa okuphezulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzoba kukhulu. Abantu abafundela ubukhenikha bonke bafunde imicu. Ngisakhumbula okokugcoba okuqinile okumnyama okudingeka kufakwe ukuze kuvinjwe imicu ekulumeni izinga lokushisa eliphezulu: i-molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), okungafinyelelwa kuyo iziphetho ezimbili: okokuqala, i-Mo ngempela iyimpahla ekwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu (uyazi? iliphi igolide elincibilikisiwe? I-Molybdenum crucible!). 2: I-Molybdenum isabela kalula ngama-ion e-valence sulfur ephezulu ukwenza i-sulfide. Ngakho-ke, ayikho insimbi engagqwali engenakunqotshwa futhi imelana nokugqwala. Ekugcineni, insimbi engagqwali iyinsimbi enokungcola okwengeziwe (kodwa lokhu kungcola kumelana nokugqwala kunensimbi). Uma kuyinsimbi, ingasabela nezinye izinto.
